{"id":59026,"date":"2019-03-09T22:45:21","date_gmt":"2019-03-09T20:45:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/osr.org\/?p=59026"},"modified":"2023-07-24T14:01:01","modified_gmt":"2023-07-24T12:01:01","slug":"gokyuzundeki-en-parlak-yildiz-sirius-bir-asteroid-tarafindan-bloke-edilecek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/osr.org\/tr\/blog\/astronomi\/gokyuzundeki-en-parlak-yildiz-sirius-bir-asteroid-tarafindan-bloke-edilecek\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcndeki En Parlak Y\u0131ld\u0131z Sirius, Bir Asteroid Taraf\u0131ndan Bloke Edilecek"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sirius y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131, geceleri g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda g\u00f6rebilece\u011finiz en parlak nokta olarak bilinir. 18 \u015eubat Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek ilgin\u00e7 bir olay ise onun bu \u00f6zelli\u011fini \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine de olsa saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakacak.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan hesaplamalara g\u00f6re boyutu \u00e7ok da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmayan bir asteroid, Sirius y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n tam \u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7ecek. Bu ge\u00e7i\u015f esnas\u0131nda y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n belirli bir b\u00f6lgesini bloke edecek olan asteroid, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n belirli b\u00f6lgelerinden g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecek olan ilgin\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclere sebep olacak. Sirius, tam olarak bloke edildi\u011fi anda adeta bir G\u00fcne\u015f tutulmas\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclene benzer bir sahneye tan\u0131kl\u0131k edilecek. Bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ifadelerine g\u00f6re, y\u0131ld\u0131z \u00e7ok parlak ve b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu karanl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclme olay\u0131 olduk\u00e7a k\u0131sa s\u00fcrecek ancak yine de D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131, k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli\u011fine de olsa g\u00f6lgede b\u0131rakmaya yetecek.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00f6zlerine g\u00f6re, Sirius’un parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden tam olarak hangi \u015fehirlerin, ne kadar s\u00fcre ile karanl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclece\u011fini tahmin etmek \u00e7ok zor. Yine de yap\u0131lan kaba hesaplarla, ilk g\u00f6lgenin Antartika’ya d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi ve Meksika’dan ilerleyerek ABD’de baz\u0131 kentlere u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Sirius’u ke\u015ffedin<\/span><\/h2>\n

Sirius ya da Aky\u0131ld\u0131z, B\u00fcy\u00fck K\u00f6pek Tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131\u2019nda yer alan bir \u00e7ift y\u0131ld\u0131z. Bu \u00e7ift y\u0131ld\u0131zdan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de Aky\u0131ld\u0131z ismiyle bilinen Sirius-A bile\u015feni, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr kadiri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcndeki en parlak y\u0131ld\u0131z olup -1.47 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr kadir derecesiyle, kendisine g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr kadiri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en yak\u0131n olan Canopus\u2019a oranla onun iki kat\u0131 kadar parlakt\u0131r ve geceleyin g\u00f6r\u00fclen g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde bu g\u00f6rsel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f \u00f6nemiyle ba\u015f rolde bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle tek y\u0131ld\u0131zm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen Sirius, asl\u0131nda, tayf t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan y\u0131ld\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma sisteminde A1V s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda bulunan Sirius-A ile DA2 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na giren, Sirius-B olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir beyaz c\u00fcce\u2019den olu\u015fan bir \u00e7ift y\u0131ld\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sirius-A bu parlak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc asl\u0131nda ayd\u0131nlatma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi’ne yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bor\u00e7ludur. G\u00fcne\u015f’e 2.6 parsek (8.47 \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131) uzakl\u0131kta olu\u015fundan dolay\u0131, Sirius Sistemi uzaydaki yak\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131zdan biridir. Sirius-A k\u00fctlesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan G\u00fcne\u015f’in iki kat\u0131 olup 1.42\u2019lik bir mutlak kadir\u2019e sahiptir. Ayd\u0131nlatma g\u00fcc\u00fc G\u00fcne\u015f’in 25 kat\u0131 olmakla birlikte, Canopus veya Rigel gibi di\u011fer parlak y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131nkine oranla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da kal\u0131r. Sirius Sistemi\u2019nin ya\u015f\u0131 200 milyon \u2013 300 milyon y\u0131ld\u0131r. Sistemin olu\u015fma ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda ba\u015f rol\u00fc oynayan iki mavimsi y\u0131ld\u0131zd\u0131. Bu iki y\u0131ld\u0131zdan da k\u00fctlesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ba\u015f roldeki, vaktiyle, kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcketerek, d\u0131\u015f katmanlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmeden \u00f6nce k\u0131z\u0131l dev haline gelmi\u015f ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 120 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc halini almak \u00fczere, yani bir beyaz c\u00fcce haline gelmek \u00fczere i\u00e7ine \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f Sirius-B y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r.Sirius, ayn\u0131 zamanda, yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131zdaki \u00f6nemli rol\u00fcnden dolay\u0131, geleneklerde k\u00f6pek-y\u0131ld\u0131z olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu y\u0131ld\u0131z pek \u00e7ok mitolojik ve folklorik \u00f6yk\u00fclere G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir bi\u00e7imde konu olabilmi\u015ftir. Sirius-A\u2019n\u0131n helyak do\u011fu\u015fu antik M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da Nil Nehri\u2019nin ta\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, antik Yunan\u2019da \u201ck\u00f6pek g\u00fcnleri\u201dnin (kavurucu s\u0131cak g\u00fcnler) ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131, Polinezya\u2019da k\u0131\u015f\u0131 haber veriyor, Pasifik Okyanusu\u2019nda ise gemicilere \u00f6nemli bir i\u015faret oluyordu.<\/p>\n

Sirius ve g\u00f6zlemleri<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00c7e\u015fitli uygarl\u0131klara ait en eski astronomik kay\u0131tlarda ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en Sirius, eski M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da Sopdet (Grek\u00e7e\u2019ye uyarlanm\u0131\u015f haliyle Sothis, y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n Grek\u00e7e\u2019deki ad\u0131 ise Seirios\u2019dur) olarak bilinirdi. Eski M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da \u201cOrta Krall\u0131k\u201d d\u00f6neminde, M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar takvimlerini Sirius\u2019un helyak do\u011fu\u015funa g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlemi\u015flerdi. Bu takvimde esas al\u0131nan g\u00fcn ise, Sirius\u2019un do\u011fu\u015funun G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yeterince uzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131ndan sonra, G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in do\u011fu\u015fundan hemen \u00f6nce a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr hale geldi\u011fi g\u00fcnd\u00fc. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle bu, Sirius\u2019un M\u0131s\u0131r g\u00f6klerinde 70 g\u00fcnl\u00fck yoklu\u011fundan sonra belirdi\u011fi g\u00fcnd\u00fc ve Nil Nehri\u2019nin her y\u0131lki ta\u015fmas\u0131ndan hemen \u00f6ncesine ve yaz g\u00fcnd\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcne denk gelirdi. Sirius\u2019u (Sothis) ifade eden hiyeroglifin glifleri \u00fc\u00e7gen, be\u015f u\u00e7lu y\u0131ld\u0131z ve yar\u0131m dairedir. Sirius-A eski M\u0131s\u0131r panteonunda \u0130sis ilahesi ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilirdi ki, \u0130sis, e\u015fi Osiris ve o\u011flu Horus ile bir \u00fc\u00e7lem olu\u015ftururdu. Sirius\u2019un g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi s\u00f6zkonu 70 g\u00fcn, \u0130sis ve Osiris\u2019in duat denilen \u00f6te-alemde seyrettikleri d\u00f6nemi simgelerdi.<\/p>\n

Pek \u00e7ok eski M\u0131s\u0131r tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131, i\u00e7 odalar\u0131 Sirius’u g\u00f6recek bi\u00e7imde in\u015fa edilmi\u015fti. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Keops Piramidi’nin Krali\u00e7e Odas\u0131’n\u0131n duvar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan bir kanal yaln\u0131zca Sirius’u g\u00f6rmek \u00fczere yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.Eski Yunanlar, Sirius\u2019un bu kayboldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemden sonra tekrar g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde belirmesinin s\u0131cak ve kurak yaz\u0131 haber verdi\u011fine inan\u0131rlar ve ayr\u0131ca bunun canl\u0131lar \u00fczerinde bitkileri solduran, erkekleri g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczle\u015ftiren, kad\u0131nlar\u0131 tahrik eden birtak\u0131m etkileri oldu\u011funu sanarak kayg\u0131lan\u0131rlard\u0131. <\/p>\n

Eski kay\u0131tlarda, yaz ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndaki hava ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n bozuldu\u011fu hallerde Sirius\u2019un daha fazla parlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011fi kaydedilmi\u015ftir ki, eski Yunan g\u00f6zlemcilere g\u00f6re bu, s\u00f6z konusu y\u0131ld\u0131zdan olumsuz etkiler yaratan birtak\u0131m tesirler yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yordu. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n bu tesirlere maruz kalmas\u0131 olay\u0131na Grek\u00e7e\u2019de \u201cy\u0131ld\u0131zca \u00e7arp\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmak\u201d anlam\u0131nda \u201castroboletos \/\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 olmak\u201d deniyordu. B\u00f6ylece Sirius Bat\u0131 edebiyat\u0131nda \u201cyakan\u201d ya da \u201calevler sa\u00e7an\u201d olarak betimlendi. Bu y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n belirmesinin ard\u0131ndan gelen mevsim d\u00f6nemi de \u201cyaz k\u00f6pe\u011finin g\u00fcnleri\u201d olarak bilinir. Vaktiyle Ege Denizi\u2019ndeki Ceos (Kea) Adas\u0131\u2019nda ya\u015fayanlar, so\u011fuklar\u0131n azalmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Sirius ve Zeus\u2019a kurban keserler ve yaz mevsimindeki temel rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynamak \u00fczere tekrar belirmesini beklerlerdi. Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n parlakl\u0131k haline bakarak kendilerini iyi bir talihin bekleyip beklemedi\u011fine karar verirlerdi; \u00f6rne\u011fin y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n sisli, puslu halde veya \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 zay\u0131f bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi vebay\u0131 haber veriyor anlam\u0131nda yorumlan\u0131yordu. Bu adada bulunan M\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait paralarda \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar yayan k\u00f6pek ve y\u0131ld\u0131z tasvirlerinin bulunmas\u0131 Sirius\u2019un bu adadaki \u00f6nemini vurgulamaktad\u0131r.G\u00fcne\u015f ve Ay’\u0131n \u00e7ekim kuvvetlerinin etkisiyle, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n ekvator b\u00f6lgesindeki \u015fi\u015fkinlik, gezegenin eksensel hareketinde bir teredd\u00fcte (titreme) yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 26.000 y\u0131lda bir olu\u015fan y\u00f6r\u00fcngesel sal\u0131n\u0131m (precession), y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcndeki konumlar\u0131n\u0131 da yava\u015f yava\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirmektedir. Bu nedenle Sirius, ge\u00e7mi\u015fe g\u00f6re daha ge\u00e7 do\u011fmakta ve art\u0131k y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n \u015fafak vakti y\u00fckseli\u015fi, eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi yaz mevsiminin en s\u0131cak g\u00fcnlerine denk gelmemektedir.<\/p>\n

Romal\u0131lar ve sirius<\/span><\/h2>\n

Romal\u0131lar Sirius\u2019un helyak do\u011fu\u015funu 25 Nisan civar\u0131ndaki bir g\u00fcnde kutlard\u0131. Bu kutlamada bir k\u00f6pek kurban ederler, buhur ve \u015farap kullan\u0131rlar ve o y\u0131lki bu\u011fday \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u0131ld\u0131zdan yay\u0131lan tesirlerin bu\u011fdaypas\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7madan al\u0131nabilmesi i\u00e7in bir de Robigo ilahesine koyun kurban ederlerdi. \u0130skenderiye\u2019li Batlamyus y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131, Almagest (al-kitabu-l-mijisti) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n 6. ve 7. Kitab\u0131nda Sirius\u2019u g\u00f6kk\u00fcrenin merkezi boylam\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n yerini belirlemek \u00fczere kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda Sirius\u2019u k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkte boyayarak, onu 6 k\u0131z\u0131l y\u0131ld\u0131zdan biri olarak g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. (Bkz.K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fma) Bu k\u0131z\u0131l y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan di\u011fer be\u015fi ger\u00e7ekten de M ve K s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndad\u0131r (Arcturus, Betelgeuse vs.)<\/p>\n

Eski Polinezyal\u0131lar\u2019da parlak y\u0131ld\u0131zlar, \u00f6zellikle Pasifik Okyanusu\u2019ndaki adalar ve atoller aras\u0131ndaki gemicilik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Denizcilere yard\u0131m amac\u0131yla \u00f6zel seferler i\u00e7in, y\u0131ld\u0131z pusulas\u0131 yard\u0131m\u0131yla bir y\u00f6n haritas\u0131 geli\u015ftirdiler. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan enlem i\u015faretleri olarak da yararland\u0131lar; \u00f6rne\u011fin Sirius\u2019un Dik a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131ki 17\u00b0S olarak Fiji Adas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n enlemine denk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor, b\u00f6ylece her gece tam olarak adan\u0131n \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7iyordu. Onlara g\u00f6re, Sirius, Canopus ve Procyon ile birlikte, bir \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Ku\u015f\u201d bedenine benzetilen Manu ad\u0131ndaki Tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131z\u2019\u0131 olu\u015fturuyordu. Ku\u015fun kanad\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcney ucunu Canopus, kuzey ucunu Procyon olu\u015fturuyordu ki bu do\u011frultu ayn\u0131 zamanda Polinezya\u2019n\u0131n gece g\u00f6kkubbesini iki yar\u0131k\u00fcreye ay\u0131r\u0131yordu. Sirius\u2019un eski Yunan\u2019da sabah g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcnde belirmesi (do\u011fu\u015fu) nas\u0131l tam olarak yaz mevsiminin habercisi oluyorsa, Maoriler i\u00e7in de, tam olarak k\u0131\u015f mevsiminin serin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n habercisi oluyordu. Bu do\u011fu\u015fa hem “mevsim”, hem de “y\u0131ld\u0131z” anlam\u0131na gelen Takurua ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

Sirius\u2019un, \u201cCennet\u2019in Krali\u00e7esi\u201d (Ka’ulua) olarak betimlendi\u011fi Hawaii\u2019de k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnd\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcndeki en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131na gelmesi t\u00f6renle kutlan\u0131rd\u0131. Polinezya\u2019da Sirius\u2019le ilgili daha bir\u00e7ok ad saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 Tau-ua (Markiz Adalar\u0131\u2019nda) Rehua ( Yeni Zelanda\u2019da) ve Aa ve Hoku-Kauopae\u2019dir (Hawaii\u2019de). 1676\u2019da Edmond Halley g\u00fcney yar\u0131k\u00fcre y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyebilmek i\u00e7in, G\u00fcney Atlantik\u2019teki Saint Helena Adas\u0131\u2019nda bir y\u0131l kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Halley, 40 y\u0131ldan fazla bir zaman sonra sonra, 1718\u2019de astronomik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerini Batlamyus\u2019un Almagest\u2019indeki verilerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra o zamana dek sabit varsay\u0131lan y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n \u00f6zdevimini ke\u015ffetti. Arcturus ve Sirius\u2019un her ikisi de anlaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde hareket etmekteydiler. Sirius 1800\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda g\u00fcney y\u00f6n\u00fcnde 60 dakika (a\u00e7\u0131 dakikas\u0131) ilerlemi\u015fti. <\/p>\n

Sirius B<\/span><\/h2>\n

1844 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alman astronom Friedrich Bessel Sirius-A\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zdevim hareketindeki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden (sapmalardan) Sirius-A\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir yolda\u015f\u0131 (bile\u015feni) olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi sonucuna vard\u0131. Bu, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, Sirius-A\u2019n\u0131n yolda\u015f\u0131 Sirius-B\u2019nin teleskopla g\u00f6zlemlenemedi\u011fi halde, Sirius-A\u2019n\u0131n hareketlerindeki de\u011fi\u015fiklikler g\u00f6zlemlenerek, matematiksel olarak var\u0131lan bir sonu\u00e7tu. 31 Aral\u0131k 1862\u2019de Amerikal\u0131 Alvan Graham Clark o d\u00f6nemin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc teleskoplar\u0131ndan biri olan 47 cm’lik mercekli teleskobuyla ilk kez, Sirius-A\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Sirius-B ya da \u201ck\u00f6pek yavrusu\u201d ad\u0131 verilmi\u015f olan zay\u0131f \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 yolda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledi ve b\u00f6ylece, Sirius’un ger\u00e7ekte \u00e7ift y\u0131ld\u0131z oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu \u00e7ift y\u0131ld\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebileni g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Sirius-A olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 1894\u2019ten beri Sirius Sistemi\u2019nde g\u00f6zlemlenen y\u00f6r\u00fcnge d\u00fczensizlikleri, sistemde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir bile\u015fenin oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r; ancak \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bile\u015fenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bug\u00fcne dek kesin olarak (g\u00f6zlemle) do\u011frulanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bile\u015finin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f 1995\u2019te ortaya konmu\u015ftur. Verilere en uygun tahmine g\u00f6re, bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bile\u015fen 0.06 g\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctlesine sahip olup Sirius-A\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evresindeki y\u00f6r\u00fcngesini 6 y\u0131lda tamaml\u0131yor olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bile\u015fenin (Sirius-C) kadirinin beyaz c\u00fcce Sirius-B\u2019nin kadirinin be\u015fte biriyle onda biri aras\u0131nda olu\u015fu, g\u00f6zlemlenememesinin nedenini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Yak\u0131n zamanda yap\u0131lan son g\u00f6zlemler, Sirius-C\u2019nin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulayamamakla birlikte, Sirius-A\u2019ya \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n var olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f da de\u011fildir. Her ne kadar 1920\u2019li y\u0131llarda sistemde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir y\u0131ld\u0131z g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015fse de, bu muhtemelen bir \u201c\u0131\u015f\u0131k oyunu\u201dndan (background) ibaret olmal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1915\u2019te Walter Sydney Adams, Mount Wilson G\u00f6zlemevi\u2019nde 60 in\u00e7\u2019lik (1.5 m) bir yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 (yans\u0131tmal\u0131 teleskopun \u00e7ukur aynas\u0131) yard\u0131m\u0131yla Sirius-B\u2019nin tayf\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledi ve onun zay\u0131f \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 bir beyaz\u0131ms\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131z oldu\u011funu saptad\u0131.Bu saptama astronomlar\u0131n bu y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n bir beyaz c\u00fcce oldu\u011fu sonucuna varmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Sirius-A\u2019n\u0131n yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 ilk kez 1959\u2019da kendi geli\u015ftirdikleri y\u0131ld\u0131zsal yo\u011funluk giri\u015fim arac\u0131n\u0131 (interferometre)kullanan Robert Hanbury ve Richard Q. Twiss taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc. <\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck ve Sirius<\/span><\/h2>\n

G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcndeki en parlak y\u0131ld\u0131z olan Sirius-A -1.47 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr kadir derecesiyle, en parlak ikinci y\u0131ld\u0131z olan Canopus\u2019a oranla onun iki kat\u0131 parlakl\u0131ktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, Ay, J\u00fcpiter veya Ven\u00fcs kadar parlak g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. Merk\u00fcr ve Mars ta bazen Sirius\u2019tan daha parlak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrler. Sirius yerk\u00fcrenin hemen hemen, meskun her b\u00f6lgesinden g\u00f6zlemlenebilmektedir; tek fark, yerk\u00fcrenin \u0130zlanda ve Gr\u00f6nland\u2019\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri gibi,kuzey kutbuna yak\u0131n en kuzeyindeki yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgelerinde (en kuzeydeki yerle\u015fim birimleri) 73\u00b0’den sonra g\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin olanaks\u0131z hale gelmesidir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k baz\u0131 kuzey kentlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131ktan sonra daha yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaz, \u00f6rne\u011fin St. Petersburg\u2019da ufkun \u00fczerinde yaln\u0131zca 13\u00b0\u2019ye ula\u015f\u0131r. Kuzey yar\u0131mk\u00fcreden en iyi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6nem k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sirius, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck K\u00f6pek Tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131’nda yer alan Procyon ve Avc\u0131 Tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131’nda yer alan k\u0131z\u0131l dev Betelgeuse y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131yla birlikte g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn kuzey yar\u0131k\u00fcresini g\u00f6ren g\u00f6zlemciler i\u00e7in, K\u0131\u015f \u00dc\u00e7geni olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131zdan olu\u015fan \u00fc\u00e7genin \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00f6\u015fesinden birini olu\u015fturur. Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in Avc\u0131 Tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 yol g\u00f6sterici olarak al\u0131nabilir. Sirius, Avc\u0131’n\u0131n ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda yer alan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 derece g\u00fcneydo\u011fusundaki en parlak y\u0131ld\u0131zd\u0131r. Avc\u0131 Tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok y\u0131ld\u0131z ve tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 bulmakta yol g\u00f6stericidir.<\/p>\n

Sirius ko\u015fullar uygun oldu\u011funda g\u00fcnd\u00fcz bile \u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Ko\u015fullar\u0131n en uygun oldu\u011fu durum, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu, g\u00f6zlemcinin y\u00fcksek bir irtifa seviyesinde bulundu\u011fu, y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n konum olarak tam tepeden ge\u00e7ti\u011fi, y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n ufukta a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ve g\u00fcne\u015fin alt\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu zamanki durumdur.Sirius \u00e7ift y\u0131ld\u0131z Sistemi\u2019ndeki y\u00f6r\u00fcnge hareketi iki y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131sal uzakl\u0131kta minimum olarak 3\u2033\u2019de, maksimum olarak 11\u2033\u2019de bulunmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Birbirlerine en fazla yakla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda, beyaz c\u00fcce\u2019yi parlak e\u015finden ay\u0131rt edebilmek son derece zorla\u015f\u0131r; bu en yak\u0131n konumda Sirius-B\u2019yi Sirius-A\u2019dan ay\u0131rt edebilmek i\u00e7in en az 300 mm. a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kta bir teleskobun ve en elveri\u015fli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 gerekir. Son enberi konumuna 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda gelmi\u015fler ve \u015fimdilerde birbirlerinden yeniden uzakla\u015fma e\u011filiminde olduklar\u0131ndan teleskopla g\u00f6zlemlenmeleri kolayla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sirius y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131, geceleri g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda g\u00f6rebilece\u011finiz en parlak nokta olarak bilinir. 18 \u015eubat Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek ilgin\u00e7 bir olay ise onun bu \u00f6zelli\u011fini \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine de olsa saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakacak. Yap\u0131lan hesaplamalara g\u00f6re boyutu \u00e7ok da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmayan bir asteroid, Sirius y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n tam \u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7ecek. Bu ge\u00e7i\u015f esnas\u0131nda y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n belirli bir b\u00f6lgesini bloke […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[506],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronomi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nG\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcndeki En Parlak Y\u0131ld\u0131z Sirius, Bir Asteroid Taraf\u0131ndan Bloke Edilecek - Online Star Register<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sirius en parlak y\u0131ld\u0131z ama bu aralar g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecek\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/tr\/blog\/astronomi\/gokyuzundeki-en-parlak-yildiz-sirius-bir-asteroid-tarafindan-bloke-edilecek\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcndeki En Parlak Y\u0131ld\u0131z Sirius, Bir Asteroid Taraf\u0131ndan Bloke Edilecek - 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