{"id":179324,"date":"2021-12-05T17:36:34","date_gmt":"2021-12-05T15:36:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/osr.org\/?p=179324"},"modified":"2021-12-05T17:36:34","modified_gmt":"2021-12-05T15:36:34","slug":"nasa-uzayda-astreroit-vuracak-dart-araci-firlatildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/osr.org\/tr\/blog\/astronomi\/nasa-uzayda-astreroit-vuracak-dart-araci-firlatildi\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA Uzay’da astreroit vuracak: DART arac\u0131 f\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
Amerikan Uzay ve Havac\u0131l\u0131k Dairesi (NASA) sonsuz bo\u015flukta bir asteroiti vuracak. <\/p>\n
Gezegenimizin y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde bulunacak bir uzay arac\u0131na entegre edilen sistemin ad\u0131 DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test) olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
DART sistemini ta\u015f\u0131yan ara\u00e7 bug\u00fcn f\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131. Bu ara\u00e7 11 milyon kilometre yol ald\u0131ktan sonra Ekim 2022’de bir Dimorphos’a sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenleyecek. <\/p>\n
Dimorphos, Didymos ad\u0131 verilen daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir asteroitin y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde d\u00f6n\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya yok olmas\u0131n<\/span><\/h2>\n DART f\u00fczesi saatte 21 bin 700 kilometre h\u0131zla Dimorphos’a \u00e7arpacak. Ama\u00e7 g\u00f6kta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek. <\/p>\n Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda bir \u0130ngiliz firmas\u0131 gezegenimizin sonuna neden olacak felaketler i\u00e7in bahis oranlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fte o olas\u0131l\u0131klar… <\/p>\n D\u00fcnya d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir medeniyetin gezegenimizi i\u015fgali (Oran: 1’e 500) <\/p>\n Kara deli\u011fin D\u00fcnya’y\u0131 yutmas\u0131 (Oran: 1’e 125)<\/p>\n Nano makinelerin insan medeniyetine son verip gezegenimizdeki hakim t\u00fcre d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi (Oran: 1’e 100) <\/p>\n Yapay zekan\u0131n insanlar\u0131n komutundan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 (Oran: 1’e 80) <\/p>\n Biyolojik k\u00fcresel sava\u015f (Oran: 1’e 60)<\/p>\n ngiliz g\u00f6kbilimci Edmund Halley, Aral\u0131k 1694’te Kraliyet Bilim Cemiyetini acil toplant\u0131ya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u00e7eri\u011finin kamuoyuna aktar\u0131lmamas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan gizli toplant\u0131da, Halley, asteroidlerin D\u00fcnya\u2019ya \u00e7arpabilece\u011fine dair tahminlerini ilk kez cemiyet \u00fcyeleriyle payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Kuyruklu y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n g\u00fczergahlar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyen Halley, bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n D\u00fcnya y\u00f6r\u00fcngesiyle kesi\u015fti\u011fini, bunun \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 olas\u0131 hale getirdi\u011fini fark etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n Halley, \u0130ncil ve Tevrat\u2019ta bahsi ge\u00e7en do\u011fal felaketlerin ge\u00e7mi\u015fte D\u00fcnya\u2019ya \u00e7arpan asteroidlerden kaynaklanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fanan bir asteroid vakas\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 bir asteroidin dahi D\u00fcnya\u2019ya \u00e7arpmas\u0131 halinde ne gibi zararlara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n 30 Haziran 1908\u2019de \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131\u2019nda Sibirya b\u00f6lgesine d\u00fc\u015fen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir asteroid, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fehrin y\u00fcz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne e\u015fit miktarda ormanl\u0131k alan\u0131 yok etti.<\/p>\n Yenisey eyaletindeki Stony Tuguska Nehri yak\u0131n\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen asteroidin, atmosferdeki s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme nedeniyle yanarak par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 ve alev toplar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n etrafa sa\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kan yang\u0131nlarda, Do\u011fu Sibirya taygas\u0131ndaki 2 bin kilometrelik ormanl\u0131k alan yok oldu.<\/p>\n Bu olay, 30 Haziran tarihinin, g\u00f6k ta\u015f\u0131 tehdidine kar\u015f\u0131 fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan \u201cD\u00fcnya Asteroid G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d olarak kabul edilmesine ilham verdi.<\/p>\n G\u00f6kta\u015flar\u0131 ve ger\u00e7ekler<\/span><\/h2>\n D\u00fcnya Asteroid G\u00fcn\u00fc’n\u00fcn kutlanmas\u0131 fikri, ilk kez 2014’te Alman film yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Gregory Richters taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n “51 Kuzey Enlemi” adl\u0131 kurmaca filminde d\u00fcnyaya \u00e7arpan bir g\u00f6k ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fcresel felaketi anlatan Richters, \u0130ngiliz m\u00fczik grubu Queen’in gitaristi olarak da tan\u0131nan astrofizik\u00e7i Brian May ile bu konuda \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck yapt\u0131.Apollo 9 misyonunda g\u00f6rev alan ABD’li Astronot Rusty Schweickart ve “bilimi ve teknolojiyi kullanarak gezegenin gelece\u011fini korumay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan” B612 sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn kurucusu Danica Remy’inin de deste\u011fiyle y\u0131lda bir g\u00fcn\u00fcn, bu konudaki bilgilendirici etkinliklere kutlan\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildi.<\/p>\n Bu \u00f6zel g\u00fcn, yery\u00fcz\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik asteroid tehlikesine kar\u015f\u0131 serinkanl\u0131 bir fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra asteroidlere y\u00f6nelik bilimsel ilgiyi canl\u0131 tutmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Bu y\u0131l, D\u00fcnya Asteroid G\u00fcn\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak etkinlikler, asteroidlere kar\u015f\u0131 gezegen savunmas\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra asteroidleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik uzay g\u00f6revlerine de odaklanacak.Avrupa Uzay Ajans\u0131 (ESA), \u201cHera\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revi kapsam\u0131nda 2024\u2019te Juventas ve APEX k\u00fcp uydular\u0131n\u0131 Didymos b asteroidine g\u00f6ndererek etki de\u011ferlendirmesi yapacak. Didymos asteroidleri D\u00fcnya\u2019ya en yak\u0131n g\u00f6k ta\u015flar\u0131 olarak biliniyor.<\/p>\n G\u00f6k ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n 100 y\u0131ldan \u00f6nce D\u00fcnya\u2019ya yakla\u015fmas\u0131 beklenmese de test, gezegen savunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla asteroidlerin y\u00f6nlerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi fikrini prati\u011fe d\u00f6kmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yararl\u0131 olacak.<\/p>\n \u00d6te yandan gezegenlerin ve di\u011fer g\u00f6k cisimlerinin olu\u015fumuna dair \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran asteroidler bilimin de ilgi alan\u0131na giriyor.<\/p>\n Japonya, “Hayabusa 2” uzay arac\u0131yla “Ryugu” asteroidinden, ABD ise “OSIRIS-REx” uzay arac\u0131yla “Bennu” asteroidinden kaya \u00f6rnekleri toplamay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan uzay g\u00f6revleri y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n OSIRIS-REx’in Bennu asteroidinden toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerle 2023’te D\u00fcnya’ya d\u00f6nmesi hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n Asteroid Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131’ndaki Apollo grubu asteroidleri aras\u0131nda yer alan Ryugu ve Bennu, bilim insanlar\u0131na G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi’nin ve D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n olu\u015fumuna ufuk a\u00e7acak yeni bilgiler sunabilir.<\/p>\n Asteroid Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131’ndan ayr\u0131larak G\u00fcne\u015f’e yak\u0131n bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye yerle\u015fen, ard\u0131ndan bir merkezka\u00e7 savrulmayla yeniden Asteroid Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131’na gelerek D\u00fcnya’ya yak\u0131n bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye yerle\u015fen Ryugu’nun yolculu\u011fu, asteroidlerin devinimine dair ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi’nin erken olu\u015fum evresinde \u015fekillendi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lan Bennu ise y\u00fczeyinde bol miktarda su ve karbon molek\u00fclerinin izlerini ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na elveri\u015fli bile\u015fenlere i\u015faret eden izler, bilim insanlar\u0131na D\u00fcnya gibi gezegenin nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011funa dair yeni bilgiler sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n Kaynak: Ntv<\/p>\n