\u0130lk kez teorik fizik\u00e7i Albert Einstein taraf\u0131ndan 1915\u2019te tan\u0131mlanan ve ”k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimsel merceklenme” olarak bilinen bu kozmik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, uzaydaki b\u00fcy\u00fck bir nesneden gelen yer\u00e7ekimi alan\u0131 uzay\u0131 b\u00fckt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ve uzaktaki bir nesneden gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 sapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda meydana geliyor. <\/p>\n
NASA\u2019n\u0131n Hubble Uzay Teleskobu\u2019ndan gelen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn incelemesi \u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n Murcia \u015fehrindeki Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Cartagena\u2019dan bir ekip taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n
Einstein halkas\u0131, en son Fornax tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131nda ve D\u00fcnya\u2019dan 3.5 milyar \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131kta ge\u00e7en y\u0131l Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda astronomlar taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Galaksiden gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n 9 milyar ya\u015f\u0131nda. Bu da \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n evren hen\u00fcz 5 milyar ya\u015f\u0131ndayken olu\u015ftu\u011fu anlam\u0131na geliyor. Bu d\u00f6nem evrenin do\u011fu\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131na denk geliyor.<\/p>\n
Bilim insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Hubble’\u0131n bu son Einstein halkas\u0131 g\u00f6zleminin, evrenin do\u011fu\u015funa dair verece\u011fi bilgilerin yan\u0131nda yeni galaksi ve y\u0131ld\u0131z olu\u015fumunu da ayd\u0131nlataca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Einstein Halkas\u0131 bir k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimsel merkceklenme efekti ve genel g\u00f6relilik kanunu kapsam\u0131nda \u2018\u2019evrensel b\u00fcy\u00fck ill\u00fczyon\u2019\u2019 olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n
\u0130ll\u00fczyonun kendisini g\u00f6rmek, ilk olarak A\u011fustos 1990’da f\u0131rlat\u0131lan Hubble Uzay Teleskobu gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc teleskoplar gerektirir. Einstein halkas\u0131, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan halka benzeri bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcyle bu fenomenin en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n
Einstein haklas\u0131 nedir?<\/span><\/h2>\n 100 y\u0131ldan uzun bir zaman \u00f6nce Einstein, e\u011fer yer\u00e7ekimi uzay\u0131 kau\u00e7uk bir levhay\u0131 esnetir ve b\u00fcker gibi yamultursa, uzaktaki objelerin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, parlakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve luna parklarda bulunan aynalardaki gibi bozulmaya u\u011fram\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n Bunun nedeni, \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n uzay\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez bir duvar hal\u0131s\u0131 boyunca seyahat ederken b\u00fck\u00fclmesi ve zaman zaman D\u00fcnya’ya giden \u0131\u015f\u0131k yolunun \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan nesnelerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimsel “\u00e7ukurlardan” ge\u00e7mesidir.<\/p>\n Hubble taraf\u0131ndan 2020’de g\u00f6r\u00fclen en son \u00f6rnek, GAL-CLUS-022058s olarak kataloglanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve g\u00f6kbilimciler taraf\u0131ndan “Erimi\u015f Halka” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mercekleme efekti, uzaktaki bir galaksinin i\u00e7eri\u011finin birden fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturur ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcterek bir yay \u015fekline bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n Bu uzak galaksiden gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n D\u00fcnya’ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 dokuz milyar y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc, ancak b\u00fcy\u00fctme, astronomlara uzak ge\u00e7mi\u015fe yak\u0131ndan bir bak\u0131\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n