Bilim insanlar\u0131, D\u00fcnya’dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclen en parlak y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan biri olan Betelgeuse’\u00fcn bir supernova olarak, beklenenden daha erken patlayaca\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcpheleniyor.<\/p>\n
Betelgeuse’\u00fcn ‘patlamas\u0131’ g\u00f6k bilimcilerin zaten bildi\u011fi bir \u015fey ama son ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler s\u00fcrecin h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor. Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n k\u00fctlesi, bizim g\u00fcne\u015fimizden yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 kat daha fazla. Ancak, bundan 8 milyon y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce do\u011fdu\u011funda, k\u00fctlesinin biraz daha fazla, G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in 20 kadar oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Bu da, birka\u00e7 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce Betelgeuse\u2019un; \u00e7ap\u0131 G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in sadece 10 kat\u0131 olan O-B s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 dev bir anakol y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 oldu\u011funu, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc gibi k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fil, mavimsi-beyaz bir renkte \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylememize imkan veriyor. Gen\u00e7lik g\u00fcnleri i\u015fte\u2026<\/p>\n
B\u00f6ylesi dev y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc olduk\u00e7a k\u0131sad\u0131r. Zaten farkettiyseniz, Betelgeuse\u2019un 8 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce do\u011fdu\u011funu s\u00f6yledik. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019imizin \u015fu an yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 milyar ya\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, bu s\u00fcrenin ne kadar k\u0131sa oldu\u011funu anlayabilirsiniz. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, dinozorlar yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde gezinirken g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde Betelgeuse yoktu, daha olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde \u201c\u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle\u201d g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n %90\u2019\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 o zamanlar hen\u00fcz yoktu. G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc yine y\u0131ld\u0131zlarla doluydu ama, tan\u0131d\u0131k olarak sadece Sirius, Alpha Centauri gibi birka\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131z vard\u0131. \u00c7o\u011fu \u00f6l\u00fcp gitti, yerlerine Betelgeuse gibi yenileri geldi (\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, \u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle g\u00f6rebildi\u011fimiz y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n birka\u00e7\u0131 hari\u00e7 hepsi k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc dev y\u0131ld\u0131zlard\u0131r).<\/p>\n
Betelgeuse hali haz\u0131rda ‘patlamaya mahk\u00fbm’ y\u0131ld\u0131zlar kategorisinde. Mesele, patlay\u0131p patlamamas\u0131 de\u011fil, ne zaman patlayaca\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n
Y\u0131ld\u0131z, yaln\u0131zca 8 ila 10 milyon ya\u015f\u0131nda. G\u00fcne\u015f ise 4.5 milyar ya\u015f\u0131nda. Ama Betelgeuse n\u00fckleer yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir h\u0131zla t\u00fcketiyor. G\u00fcne\u015fimiz, \u00e7ekirde\u011findeki hidrojeni helyuma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek enerji \u00fcretir. Betelgeuse ise, b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fctlesi nedeniyle \u00e7ekirde\u011findeki hidrojeni hunharca, hesaps\u0131z kitaps\u0131z h\u0131zla yakarak \u00e7oktan bitirdi. \u015eu anda gen\u00e7lik g\u00fcnlerinde hidrojen yakarak olu\u015fturdu\u011fu helyumu karbon, oksijen gibi elementlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu elementlerin n\u00fckleer reaksiyonlar\u0131 hidrojen\u2019den \u00e7ok daha fazla enerji \u00fcretti\u011fi i\u00e7in y\u0131ld\u0131z bir balon gibi \u015fi\u015ferek bug\u00fcnk\u00fc dev boyutlar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n
\u015ei\u015fmeden kaynaklanan y\u00fczey alan\u0131 geni\u015flemesi nedeniyle y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fczey s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131, sadece 3.200 santigrat derece kadar. Ancak, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u00fczey alan\u0131 ve \u00e7ekirdekte \u00fcretilen muazzam enerji nedeniyle parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131m G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in 100 bin kat\u0131ndan fazla olabiliyor. Neyse, bu y\u00fcksek enerji yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 \u015fi\u015firdi\u011fi gibi, d\u0131\u015f katmanlar\u0131n\u0131n da yava\u015f yava\u015f k\u00fctle\u00e7ekiminden kurtularak uzaya yay\u0131lmas\u0131na ve y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7evresinde bir sis bulutu olu\u015fturmas\u0131na neden oluyor. Betelgeuse\u2019un \u00e7evresine yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u201csis bulutu\u201cnun toplam k\u00fctlesinin G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten fazla oldu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki k\u00fctlesinin \u00e7o\u011funu b\u00f6yle yitirdi.<\/p>\n
\u015eu an helyumu, oksijeni, karbonu n\u00fckleer reaksiyona sokarak \u00e7ekirde\u011finde h\u0131zla demir birikimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren y\u0131ld\u0131z, \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna iyice yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. Demir, di\u011fer elementler gibi birle\u015ferek ba\u015fka elementler olu\u015fturam\u0131yor. Bunun olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan enerji verilmesine ihtiya\u00e7 var. Yani, bir s\u00fcre sonra y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7ekirde\u011fi t\u00fcm\u00fcyle demirden olu\u015facak ve enerji \u00fcretimi sona erecek. Bu oldu\u011funda ise, Betelgeuse\u2019u \u00e7\u00f6kmekten koruyan \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131m bas\u0131nc\u0131 kalmayacak. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla y\u0131ld\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla kendi i\u00e7ine \u00e7\u00f6kecek.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00e7\u00f6kme, demirin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu \u201cd\u0131\u015f enerji\u201dnin kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00fctle\u00e7ekimin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu enerji, demir \u00e7ekirde\u011fin aniden a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131p muazzam oranda s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na neden olacak ve \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli bir n\u00fckleer reaksiyon ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek. \u00c7ekirdekteki demir atomlar\u0131 bu ani reaksiyonla nikel, bak\u0131r, \u00e7inko, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, baryum, c\u0131va, alt\u0131n gibi daha a\u011f\u0131r elementlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecekler. \u0130\u015fte t\u00fcm bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn haval\u0131 ismine biz \u201cs\u00fcpernova patlamas\u0131\u201d diyoruz. Bu s\u00fcpernova patlamas\u0131n\u0131n ne zaman ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fini bilmiyoruz. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131l da olabilir, 100 bin y\u0131l sonra da olabilir. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcreler astronomi \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde \u201cyar\u0131n\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi halde, bizim k\u0131sac\u0131k ya\u015famlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in malesef sonsuzluk gibi duruyor. Patlama oldu\u011funda, Betelgeuse yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden muazzam parlakl\u0131kta bir y\u0131ld\u0131z gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnecek.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcnd\u00fczleri bile rahatl\u0131kla g\u00f6zlemlenebilen, geceleri Ay gibi cisimlere g\u00f6lge olu\u015fturabilen bir ayd\u0131nl\u0131k sa\u011flayacak. Bu \u00e7ok parlak halini yakla\u015f\u0131k 7-10 g\u00fcn boyunca koruyacak. Sonras\u0131nda ise yava\u015f\u00e7a s\u00f6n\u00fckle\u015fecek ve ortalama 1 ay i\u00e7inde tamamen g\u00f6zden kaybolup bir daha hi\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyecek. <\/p>\n
Kaynak: Kozmikanafor.com ve BBC T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bilim insanlar\u0131, D\u00fcnya’dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclen en parlak y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan biri olan Betelgeuse’\u00fcn bir supernova olarak, beklenenden daha erken patlayaca\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcpheleniyor. Betelgeuse’\u00fcn ‘patlamas\u0131’ g\u00f6k bilimcilerin zaten bildi\u011fi bir \u015fey ama son ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler s\u00fcrecin h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor. Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n k\u00fctlesi, bizim g\u00fcne\u015fimizden yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 kat daha fazla. Ancak, bundan 8 milyon y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce do\u011fdu\u011funda, k\u00fctlesinin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[506],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120251","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronomi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n