{"id":437809,"date":"2024-04-28T21:07:45","date_gmt":"2024-04-28T19:07:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/osr.org\/?p=437809"},"modified":"2024-06-03T15:19:25","modified_gmt":"2024-06-03T13:19:25","slug":"what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is the Hubble Space Telescope?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the upper reaches of Earth&#8217;s atmosphere, a silent sentinel has tirelessly worked for decades to reveal the wonders and mysteries of the cosmos. This intrepid observer is none other than the Hubble Space Telescope, a monumental feat of engineering that has revolutionised our understanding of the universe. If you&#8217;ve ever looked up at the night sky with a sense of wonder and curiosity inspired by spectacular images of distant objects, Hubble has likely played a massive part in that experience!<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #15acdf;\">What Is the Hubble Telescope?<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"container-lazyload preview-lazyload container-youtube js-lazyload--not-loaded\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/-nNiULl5_2k?si=RtfRogMccuYqnmqc\" class=\"lazy-load-youtube preview-lazyload preview-youtube\" data-video-title=\"The Extraordinary Hubble Space Telescope\" title=\"Play video &quot;The Extraordinary Hubble Space Telescope&quot;\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/-nNiULl5_2k?si=RtfRogMccuYqnmqc<\/a><noscript>Video can&#8217;t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/-nNiULl5_2k?si=RtfRogMccuYqnmqc\" title=\"The Extraordinary Hubble Space Telescope\">The Extraordinary Hubble Space Telescope (https:\/\/youtu.be\/-nNiULl5_2k?si=RtfRogMccuYqnmqc)<\/a><\/noscript><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Launched on April 24, 1990, aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a marvel of modern engineering. Named after astronomer <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/people\/edwin-hubble\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Edwin Hubble<\/a>, the powerful telescope has a 2.4-metre primary mirror and several instruments that can capture light across the full spectrum of wavelengths. This allows Hubble to peer deeper into space than any previous telescope, capturing images and data from some of the universe&#8217;s most distant and ancient objects.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But what sets Hubble apart from previous telescopes is its location. Unlike ground-based <a href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/osrguide\/osr-telescope\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">telescopes<\/a>, Hubble orbits the Earth at about 547 kilometres, allowing it to avoid atmospheric interference and capture incredibly crisp and clear images. As a result, Hubble has made groundbreaking discoveries in fields such as astronomy, cosmology, and planetary science.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #15acdf;\">How Was the Hubble Space Telescope Built?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-437832 size-full\" title=\"What Is the Hubble Space Telescope\" src=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/What-Is-the-Hubble-Space-Telescope.png\" alt=\"What Is the Hubble Space Telescope\" width=\"758\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/What-Is-the-Hubble-Space-Telescope.png 758w, https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/What-Is-the-Hubble-Space-Telescope-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/What-Is-the-Hubble-Space-Telescope-640x393.png 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/><p class=\"caption-text\">CREDIT: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, ESA, STScI<\/p><\/figure><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Lyman-Spitzer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lyman Spitzer<\/a> first proposed the idea for a space telescope in 1946. However, it wasn&#8217;t until the 1970s that the project gained significant traction. With advances in technology and a growing interest in space exploration, NASA launched the Hubble program in 1977. However, it would take more than a decade to bring this ambitious project to fruition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Designed and built by an international team of scientists and engineers, constructing Hubble was no easy feat. It required precise and complex engineering and innovations in optics, materials, and computer technology. The telescope was then transported to Kennedy Space Center for final preparations before launch.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #15acdf;\">The Tech Behind the Telescope<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hubble&#8217;s suite of instruments includes cameras and spectrometers that can observe in ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light. This enables it to peer into the universe at different wavelengths and provide a multi-faceted view of its structure and composition. Over the years, Hubble has also undergone several servicing missions that have further upgraded its instruments and systems, extending its life and enhancing its capabilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #15acdf;\">Hubble&#8217;s Orbit<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At an average altitude of about 547 kilometres (340 miles) above the Earth, Hubble orbits the planet every 97 minutes. This low-Earth orbit allows Hubble to have a relatively unobstructed view of the universe, away from atmospheric distortions that can affect ground-based telescopes. However, this also means that Hubble&#8217;s orbit slowly decays due to drag from Earth&#8217;s atmosphere, requiring periodic boosts to maintain its altitude.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #15acdf;\">Milestones in Hubble&#8217;s Journey<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"container-lazyload preview-lazyload container-youtube js-lazyload--not-loaded\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/q0P2-qcos90?si=dDMd3iluai3wYhv_\" class=\"lazy-load-youtube preview-lazyload preview-youtube\" data-video-title=\"Hubble: Galaxies Across Space and Time [Ultra HD]\" title=\"Play video &quot;Hubble: Galaxies Across Space and Time [Ultra HD]&quot;\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/q0P2-qcos90?si=dDMd3iluai3wYhv_<\/a><noscript>Video can&#8217;t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/q0P2-qcos90?si=dDMd3iluai3wYhv_\" title=\"Hubble: Galaxies Across Space and Time [Ultra HD]\">Hubble: Galaxies Across Space and Time [Ultra HD] (https:\/\/youtu.be\/q0P2-qcos90?si=dDMd3iluai3wYhv_)<\/a><\/noscript><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since its launch in 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope has achieved numerous milestones that have revolutionised our understanding of the <a href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/news-en-uk\/explore-the-map-of-the-observable-universe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">universe<\/a>. One of its early discoveries was a more precise measurement of the universe&#8217;s age, which Hubble helped narrow down to around 13.8 billion years. Additionally, Hubble played a crucial role in research into dark energy, a mysterious force that physicists believe is accelerating the expansion of the universe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hubble&#8217;s high-resolution images have also allowed astronomers to observe the formation and <a href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/how-do-galaxies-evolve\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">evolution of galaxies<\/a>, witnessing them in various stages of their lifecycle. This has provided invaluable insights into how galaxies form and how they have changed over billions of years. Furthermore, Hubble has been instrumental in studying the planets in our <a href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/ten-places-in-our-solar-system-that-could-support-life\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">solar system<\/a>, capturing detailed images of weather patterns on Jupiter, the rings of Saturn, and the atmosphere and surface of Mars.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #15acdf;\">Servicing the Hubble Space Telescope<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-437853 size-full\" title=\"Hubble Telescope Missions\" src=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hubble-Telescope-Missions.png\" alt=\"Hubble Telescope Missions\" width=\"758\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hubble-Telescope-Missions.png 758w, https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hubble-Telescope-Missions-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hubble-Telescope-Missions-640x393.png 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/><p class=\"caption-text\">CREDIT: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, ESA, STScI<\/p><\/figure><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite its sophistication, Hubble is not impervious to the harsh realities of space. Its components degrade over time, and technological advancements present the opportunity for upgrades. To date, five servicing missions have visited the telescope, with astronauts enduring significant risk in <a href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/osrguide\/what-is-spacewalking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spacewalks<\/a> to keep the telescope at the cutting edge of science.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first servicing mission in 1993 installed corrective optics to fix the telescope&#8217;s initially flawed mirror. Beyond just repairs, subsequent missions have also improved its capabilities, ensuring that Hubble remains a valuable tool for scientific exploration.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #15acdf;\">The Future: Hubble Space Telescope and Beyond<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"container-lazyload preview-lazyload container-youtube js-lazyload--not-loaded\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/tnbSIbsF4t4?si=XtzgrRCdEJcQ9Ex_\" class=\"lazy-load-youtube preview-lazyload preview-youtube\" data-video-title=\"The James Webb Space Telescope Explained In 9 Minutes\" title=\"Play video &quot;The James Webb Space Telescope Explained In 9 Minutes&quot;\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/tnbSIbsF4t4?si=XtzgrRCdEJcQ9Ex_<\/a><noscript>Video can&#8217;t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/tnbSIbsF4t4?si=XtzgrRCdEJcQ9Ex_\" title=\"The James Webb Space Telescope Explained In 9 Minutes\">The James Webb Space Telescope Explained In 9 Minutes (https:\/\/youtu.be\/tnbSIbsF4t4?si=XtzgrRCdEJcQ9Ex_)<\/a><\/noscript><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite the care and attention lavished on it, Hubble is not immortal. Its systems are ageing, and its successor, the <a href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/news-en-uk\/have-we-just-found-signs-of-life-on-exoplanet-k2-18b\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">James Webb Space Telescope<\/a>, is now taking up much of the mantle of deep-space observation. So, what lies ahead for Hubble, and how will its legacy inform the next generation of astronomical tools? <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As Hubble continues to function, scientists and engineers are developing ways to extend its lifetime. Strategies include updating its software remotely and switching to backup systems when necessary.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In terms of future missions, there is still potential for one final servicing mission in the next few years. This would be a daring undertaking that could require assistance from a private space exploration company, like SpaceX, as the space shuttle program has been retired since 2011.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Without intervention, the Hubble Telescope&#8217;s orbit will decay to the point of re-entry within the next decade or two. However, NASA has plans to dispose of Hubble safely and in a controlled manner, ensuring that it does not pose a danger to Earth. Alternatively, a future service mission could further extend the telescope&#8217;s lifespan by a few more decades.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #15acdf;\">OSR Star Finder<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-240300\" title=\"OSR Star Finder App\" src=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/OSR-Star-Finder-App.jpg\" alt=\"OSR Star Finder App\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/OSR-Star-Finder-App.jpg 720w, https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/OSR-Star-Finder-App-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/OSR-Star-Finder-App-640x427.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hubble&#8217;s decades-long mission has surpassed all expectations. It has expanded our understanding of the universe but also deepened our appreciation for the vast beauty that lies beyond our blue planet. Now, as we stand on the cusp of new astronomical achievements, the legacy of Hubble will continue to inspire future generations of scientists, astronomers, and dreamers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For those captivated by the mysteries of the cosmos and eager to explore the stars themselves, the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/osrguide\/star-finder-app\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">OSR Star Finder app<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> offers a gateway to the heavens. Embark on your own celestial journey today!<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"button button-orange medium arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/osrguide\/star-finder-app\/\">OSR Star Finder App<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the upper reaches of Earth&#8217;s atmosphere, a silent sentinel has tirelessly worked for decades to reveal the wonders and mysteries of the cosmos. This intrepid observer is none other than the Hubble Space Telescope, a monumental feat of engineering that has revolutionised our understanding of the universe. If you&#8217;ve ever looked up at the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1375],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-437809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronomy-uk"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What Is the Hubble Space Telescope? - Online Star Register<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this article, we&#039;ll examine the history and technology behind the Hubble Space Telescope and explore its standout achievements and future.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Is the Hubble Space Telescope?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this article, we&#039;ll examine the history and technology behind the Hubble Space Telescope and explore its standout achievements and future.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Online Star Register\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-04-28T19:07:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-03T13:19:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/What-Is-The-Hubble-Space-Teleacope.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"758\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"466\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sebastian Wolf\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"What Is the Hubble Space Telescope?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"In this article, we&#039;ll examine the history and technology behind the Hubble Space Telescope and explore its standout achievements and future.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/What-Is-The-Hubble-Space-Teleacope.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sebastian Wolf\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\n\t    \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n\t    \"@graph\": [\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"Article\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/#article\",\n\t            \"isPartOf\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"author\": {\n\t                \"name\": \"Sebastian Wolf\",\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/#\/schema\/person\/64c4e8743579b229f87b1d3de0090348\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"headline\": \"What Is the Hubble Space Telescope?\",\n\t            \"datePublished\": \"2024-04-28T19:07:45+00:00\",\n\t            \"dateModified\": \"2024-06-03T13:19:25+00:00\",\n\t            \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"wordCount\": 1025,\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/#primaryimage\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"thumbnailUrl\": \"https:\/\/osr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/What-Is-the-Hubble-Space-Telescope.png\",\n\t            \"articleSection\": [\n\t                \"Astronomy\"\n\t            ],\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"en-UK\"\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\/\/osr.org\/en-uk\/blog\/astronomy-uk\/what-is-the-hubble-space-telescope\/\",\n\t            \"name\": \"What Is the Hubble Space Telescope? 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